Kids’ ability to comprehend time inseparable from their understanding of space

WASHINGTON - Children use space to think about time, a new research has found.

To understand the relationship between space and time in the developing mind, MPI researcher Daniel Casasanto and colleagues at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Stanford University showed children movies of two snails racing along parallel paths for different distances or durations.

The children judged either the spatial or temporal aspect of each race, reporting which animal went for a longer distance or a longer time.

When asked to judge distance, children had no trouble ignoring time. But when asked to judge time, they had difficulty ignoring the spatial dimension of the event. Snails that moved a longer distance were mistakenly judged to have travelled for a longer time. Children use physical distance to measure of the passage of time.

When English speakers talk about time, they can hardly avoid using spatial words. They hope for short meetings and long vacations.

But this study was conducted in Greek-speaking children. Greek tends to use a different kind of spatial vocabulary for time, describing time as accumulating in 3-dimensional space, rather than extending in linear space.

In Greek, it was possible to phrase questions naturally while avoiding any ambiguous words like ‘long’ or ’short’. Children’s responses were not caused by superficial confusions in wording, rather they reflect deeper conceptual links between space and time.

If time is judged relative to space, do our minds intuitively grasp the same relationship between these dimensions found modern physics?

“Einstein posed a similar question to the child psychologist, Piaget,” said Casasanto. “But it’s unlikely that our intuitions about time are shaped by something as counterintuitive as Einstein’s Relativity.”

In the physical world, space and time are theorised to be mutually inseparable. In the mind, however, they are asymmetrically separable. Children can think about space independent of time, but it appears they cannot conceptualise time independent of space.

The study will be published in the April 2010 issue of Cognitive Science. (ANI)