New approach for targeted killing of HIV virus

WASHINGTON - Researchers have come up with an innovative approach to eliminate HIV in host by targeted killing of only the infected cells-a feat, if successful could lead into an anti-HIV therapy that will eradicate the virus.

Current HIV treatments do not eradicate HIV from host cells but rather inhibit virus replication and delay the onset of AIDS.

On infection, HIV spreads through the human body after the viral DNA is incorporated into the genome of host cells.

Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) works by blocking HIV replication at various steps but does not eliminate the infected cells.

Professors Abraham Loyter, Assaf Friedler and their colleagues at Hebrew University, Jerusalem, focussed on the elimination of infected cells.

Loyter contends that while HIV integrates its DNA into the human genome, it only inserts enough DNA to replicate yet avoids host genome instability leading to programmed death of the infected cells (apoptosis).

The researchers sought to induce increased integration of HIV DNA into human genome that could lead to apoptosis.

Toward that goal, they developed peptides (called “mix”) that can penetrate into infected cells and stimulate the activity of the viral integrase.

The stimulation of the viral integrase resulted in an increase in the number of the viral DNA molecules integrated into the infected cells that lead the infected cells into “panic mode”, causing self-destruction.

“Whilst this research is promising, a major caveat with these studies is that they are preliminary. So far these experiments have only been shown to ‘cure’ HIV from small dishes of cultured cells in the authors’ laboratory, but the findings are an exciting development in the quest to eradicate this devastating global pandemic,” said Loyter.

The study is published in BioMed Central’s open access journal, AIDS Research n Therapy. (ANI)