Siblings of autistic children ‘have more frequent language delays’
By ANISaturday, October 2, 2010
WASHINGTON - A new study at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has revealed that siblings of autistic children have more frequent language delays.
“Researchers presume one child is affected, and the other is not, but our findings suggest that although one child may have autism while the other does not, it’s very possible both children are affected to some degree by genes that contribute to autism,” said John N. Constantino.
The study found that approximately one in five siblings thought to be unaffected experienced language delays or speech problems early in life.
Also, many female siblings had subtle traits, but few had full-blown autism spectrum disorders. Boys are thought to be affected four times more often than girls.
“When we look only at the full syndrome for inherited traits, we miss a lot of individuals who may have genetic susceptibility and subtle aspects of autism. In other words, many siblings of children on the spectrum have significant, subclinical traits of autism, but, for whatever reason, they never actually develop the disorder,” said Constantino.
One striking finding was that among siblings, 20 percent had received a diagnosis of language delay or speech problems early in life. And half of them had particular qualities of speech that are autistic in nature.
The study also found that in families with only one child with autism, it was much more common for that child’s siblings not to have any evidence of quantitative traits. And it was less common for siblings to be affected with those traits than for non-identical twins.
Understanding how best to predict patterns of transmission in families and identifying the specific genetic and environmental factors underlying those patterns could offer hope for new, more effective interventions that could be used early in the lives of affected children, said Constantino.
The findings appear online and will be published in the November issue of The American Journal of Psychiatry. (ANI)
