Plants too show intelligence in capturing nutrients

TORONTO - Researchers have discovered that a plant’s strategy to capture nutrients in the soil is the outcome of integrating different types of information.

University of Alberta ecologist J.C. Cahill says that the plant’s strategy mirrors the daily risk-versus-reward dilemmas that animals experience in their quest for food.

Biologists established long ago that an animal uses information about both the location of food supply and potential competitors to determine an optimal foraging strategy.

The subsequent behavioural response is based on whether the food supply is rich enough to accept the risks associated with engaging in competition with other animals.

Cahill found plants also have the ability to integrate information about the location of both food and competitors. As a result, plants demonstrate unique behavioural strategies to capture soil resources.

“This ability to integrate information is a level of complexity never seen in plants before. This is something we assumed only happened with animals,” Cahill said.

Using a mini-rhizotron camera, referred as a “camera on a stick,” the researchers compared the root movement of potted plants in relation to various positions of nutrients and competing plants.

The roots of one plant in a pot where nutrients were evenly distributed occupied the entire breadth of the soil.

When two plants occupied a single pot and the nutrients were evenly distributed, the roots stopped growing laterally towards each other.

There was complete segregation of the root systems; the plants avoided contact with one another. Cahill says in terms of risk versus reward, the plants avoided each other because the rewards were low, according to a university release.

But when nutrients were placed between two plants sharing a single pot, both plants grew their roots much closer towards each other. Cahill says in this case the rewards were high and the plants risked increased competition.